Research into metabolic bone disease has made remarkable progress over the last 20 years, with the identification of numerous new molecules and pathways regulating bone cells as well as their plasma milieu. Their activities are largely regulated by the physiological status of the body incorporating the biochemical, physical and mechanical functions of bone, kidney and intestinal tissues. The Physiological Basis of Metabolic Bone Disease integrates the knowledge derived from molecular techniques with the fundamental principles of the physiology of these organs. The book places particular emphasis on bone cell activities and the regulation of plasma calcium, phosphate homeostasis, and whole body nutrition. It reviews the nutritional requirements for calcium and vitamin D for the prevention of osteoporosis. It covers vitamin D, calcium and phosphate absorption; calcium sensing receptors; the role of parathyroid hormone; physiological actions of calcitonin; and the diagnosis and significance of osteoporosis. Reviewing the physiological significance of advances in the molecular biology of metabolic bone disease, this book provides a valuable reference for researchers as well as practicing clinicians.