International defense industrial sectors have faced many challenges over the last twenty years, and in the current environment they struggle with the need to maintain critical aspects of the defense industrial base. Because the defense sector in the US is interconnected with other global defense and industry sectors, decisions made in one sector impact those of other countries and other areas of the economy. Dr. Hensel examines the interrelationship between these forces both historically and in the current environment, assessing the implications for the future global defense industrial base.