CHAPTER 1: Pleural Anatomy CHAPTER 2: Physiology of the Pleural Space CHAPTER 3: Radiology in Pleura CHAPTER 4: Role of Ultrasound in Pleural Diseases CHAPTER 5: Approach to Pleural Effusion CHAPTER 6: Transudative Pleural Effusion CHAPTER 7: Tubercular Pleural Effusion CHAPTER 8: Parapneumonic Effusions and Empyema CHAPTER 9: Pleural Effusion Secondary to Fungal, Nocardia, and Parasitic Infections CHAPTER 10: Pleural Diseases in HIV CHAPTER 11: Malignant Pleural Effusion CHAPTER 12: Mesothelioma and Other Primary Pleural Tumors CHAPTER 13: Pneumothorax and Bronchopleural Fistula CHAPTER 14: Hemothorax CHAPTER 15: Chylothorax CHAPTER 16: Thoracocentesis CHAPTER 17: Intercostal Drainage Tubes and Pleural Drainage Systems CHAPTER 18: Chest Tube Monitoring, Complications, and Its Management CHAPTER 19: Pleural Effusion in Pulmonary Embolism CHAPTER 20: Pleural Effusion due to Heart Diseases CHAPTER 21: Hepatic Hydrothorax CHAPTER 22: Pleural Effusion in Obstetrics and Gynecology CHAPTER 23: Pediatric Pleural Diseases CHAPTER 24: Pleural Effusion due to Collagen Vascular Diseases CHAPTER 25: Pleural Effusion due to Kidney Diseases CHAPTER 26: Pleural Effusion due to Drugs and Miscellaneous Diseases CHAPTER 27: Pleural Disorders in Lung Transplantation - Overview CHAPTER 28: Medical Thoracoscopy CHAPTER 29: Pleural Biopsy and Cryobiopsy CHAPTER 30: Surgical Management of Pleural Diseases CHAPTER 31: Pleural Diseases in COVID