Sigmund Freud was the founder of psychoanalysis, and his name has become a landmark in cultural history, marking the transition from nineteenth-century order to the modern and post-modern world. His theories concerning sexuality, memory, dreams, self-deception, and the unconscious mind created a furore when first advanced and have never ceased to invite controversy. In recent times, both the man and the discipline he invented -- psychoanalysis -- have come under re-evaluation (and attack) on both sides of the Atlantic. This book depicts Freud's life and ideas, from his birth above a blacksmith's forge in a secluded corner of the Austro-Hungarian Empire to his death in 1939 in London, where he had come as a refugee from Nazi Europe.