Sidebar 3.4: Designer Considerations for Color and Light -- Sidebar 3.5: Designer Profile: Mark Stanley -- For Further Reading -- Part Two-Light: The Tools -- 4 Electricity -- Sidebar 4.1: Designer Profile: John Martin -- Basics of Electricity -- Atomic Theory -- Electrical Potential -- Conductors and Insulators -- Grounding -- Units of Measurement and Essential Formulas -- Units of Measure -- Power Formula (West Virginia) and Ohm's Law -- Common Electrician Calculations -- Sidebar 4.2: Practical Examples of Electrical Problems -- Sidebar 4.3: Determination of Lamp Load -- Fundamental Circuits -- Series Circuits -- Parallel Circuits -- Direct Current Versus Alternating Current -- Direct Current (DC) -- Alternating Current (AC) and Power Generation -- Transformers -- Power Distribution -- Electrical Services -- Electrical Hardware -- Wire -- Sidebar 4.4: Common Wire Gauges and Rated Capacities -- Cables -- Data Cables -- Sidebar 4.5: Working with Cables -- Switches -- Circuit Protection -- Dimmers -- Company Switches and Distribution Panels -- Theatrical Distribution -- Sidebar 4.6: Tapping into Company Switches -- Troubleshooting Electrical Problems -- Sidebar 4.7: A Guide to Electrical Troubleshooting -- Sidebar 4.8: Electrical Safety -- For Further Reading -- 5 Lamps and Other Light Sources -- Lumens, Watts, and Lamp Life -- Lamps and Color -- Incandescent Lamps -- Filaments -- Bulbs -- Bases -- Tungsten-Halogen or Quartz Lamps -- Sidebar 5.1: Light Center Length (LCL) -- ANSI Codes -- Arc Light Sources -- Limelight -- Carbon-Arc -- Short-Arc and High-Intensity Discharge (HID) Lamps -- Short-Arc Lamps -- High-Intensity Discharge (HID) Lamps -- Gaseous Discharge Lamps -- Fluorescent Lamps -- Low-Voltage Lamps -- Solid-State Light Sources -- LEDs -- Sidebar 5.2: Designer Profile: Robert (Rob) Gerlach -- Plasma Lamps -- Non-Traditional Light Sources.