Cover -- Half Title -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Table of Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Preface -- 1 Scientific Methodology -- Introduction -- The Method of Science -- The Domain of Science -- The Aims of Science -- Example: Astrophysical Model -- Conclusion -- 2 Scientific Evidence -- Introduction: What is Evidence? -- How do We Gather Scientific Evidence? -- Example: Polio Vaccine Research -- Evidence and Values -- The Role of Values in the Process of Gathering Evidence -- Conclusion -- 3 Interpreting the Science -- Introduction -- Example: Secondhand Smoke and Bans on Smoking in Public Places -- Interpreting Experimental Data -- Observational Studies -- Conclusion -- 4 Communicating the Science -- Introduction -- Example: Human-Caused Climate Change -- Improving Science Communication -- Conclusion -- 5 Scientific Expertise -- Introduction -- Scientific Expertise and Epistemic Authority -- Scientific Expertise and Epistemic Uncertainty -- Scientific Expertise and Moral Authority -- Example: COVID-19 -- Conclusion -- 6 Science-Informed Public Policies -- Introduction -- Example: Laws Governing the Sale, Prescription, and use of Addictive Substances in the United States -- What is Addiction? -- The Solution -- Are these Laws Effective? -- Conclusion -- Conclusion -- References -- Index.