Nanoparticles have emerged as important players in modern techniques, having applications from medicine and drug delivery to textiles and agriculture. Nanoscale materials are already integrated into our everyday lives in various forms, such as sunscreen lotions containing nanoparticles, dirt-resistant glass with nanocoatings, and nanodrugs. This book reviews the recent developments in the applications of nanoscale materials in drug delivery, agriculture, cosmetics, textiles, and photonics. It also covers other interesting topics in detail, such as nanoencapsulation, nanoparticle formation, and surface functionalization of nanomaterials. It is a valuable resource for practical use and offers up-to-date information given by specialists in each field. It is a useful reference for materials scientists, chemical engineers working in R&D and academia, and inquisitive readers who want to learn more about the applications of nanoparticles and nanomaterials in different fields.