Cover -- Title -- Copyright -- Original Title -- Original Copyright -- Dedication -- Contents -- Preface -- 1 Introduction -- 1.1 Presuppositions in science -- 1.2 Invariance -- 1.3 Causality -- 2 Theory construction -- 2.1 Hierarchies and networks -- 2.2 Questioning -- 2.3 Theory as a relationship between questions -- 3 Graph theory -- 3.1 Introduction -- 3.2 Terminology -- 3.3 Scientific theories -- 3.4 The right questions? -- 3.5 Open-endedness of questions -- 3.6 Acyclic nature of connections -- 3.7 Networks -- 3.8 Theory gain -- 4 Theory evolution -- 4.1 Scientific progress -- 4.2 Scientific explanation -- 4.3 Theory change and comparison -- 4.4 Question reformulation and 'black-boxing' -- 4.5 Demarcation between questions and answers -- 4.6 Empirical questions -- 5 Subjective nature of science -- 5.1 Cartesian view of science -- 5.2 Translation from observations and concepts to questions -- 5.3 Relation -- 5.4 Social studies of science -- 5.5 Scientometrics -- 6 Evolution and intelligence -- 6.1 Evolution of questioning ability -- 6.2 Computer simulation and artificial intelligence -- 6.3 Neural nets -- 6.4 Curiosity -- 6.5 Structuralism -- 7 Theories and questions -- 7.1 Quantum mechanics -- 7.2 Relativity -- 7.3 Zetetic analysis -- 8 Theories in the making -- 8.1 Dark matter -- 8.2 Anthropic principle -- 8.3 Theory of everything -- 9 Darwinian evolution -- 9.1 Introduction -- 9.2 Darwin's theory -- 9.3 The extended phenotype -- 10 Literature and science -- 10.1 Introduction -- 10.2 Fictional entities -- 10.3 Scientific entities -- 10.4 Fictional and scientific entities: a comparison -- 10.5 Beauty -- 10.6 Scientific metaphor -- 10.7 Explanation and understanding -- 10.8 Interrogative aspects of literature -- 11 Overview -- Index