Cover -- Half Title -- Dedication -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Table of Contents -- List of Maps -- List of Tables -- Preface -- Acknowledgements -- Introduction -- Goals, Approaches and Limits of this Study -- Methodology -- Part I: Terms of Analysis -- 1 Terms of Analysis and Problems of Definition -- Religious Minorities -- International Security and Religious Minorities -- 2 The Eastern Mediterranean: Religious Minorities in the Post-Ottoman Space -- Common Origins? -- The Ottoman Heritage -- A Region without a Sense of Regionalism -- Part II: Five Cases of Confessional Minorities in the Balkans and the Eastern Mediterranean -- 3 The Copts -- Historical Identity -- Participatory Egyptian Nationalism -- The Present Condition of the Minority and Communal Violence -- Conclusion -- 4 The Palestinian Christians -- Historical Identity -- Participatory Nationalism among the Christian Palestinians -- Present Circumstances of the Community -- Responses to the Risk of Marginalisation: Extremists and Mediators -- Conclusion -- 5 Lebanon: Constitutive Communities or Minorities? -- Patterns of Historical Identity -- The Political System, Contending Claims on Nationhood, and the Civil War -- The International Dimension -- The Taif Settlement -- Conclusion -- 6 The Pomaks: A Transborder Religious Minority -- Multi-Level Group Identity -- Pomaks in the Nation States of the Balkans -- Conclusion -- 7 Bosnia and Herzegovina: Improbable Nation -- Historical Identity -- The Civil War (1992-95) -- The External Involvement -- The Dayton Peace Agreement -- The Sandjak -- Conclusion -- Part III: The Potential for Conflict and Possible Solutions -- 8 The Potential for Communal Conflict in the Eastern Mediterranean -- Traditional Identity versus the Nation State -- The External Factor and Community - Nation State Relations