The focus of this unique comparative study is on political radicalism at its high point around the middle of the nineteenth century, but broad topics such as trade unionism, cooperation, socialism, and religion are also examined in depth. The author argues that French and English radicalism did not stem directly from or reflect work and workplace relations, but instead drew upon work groups and organizations, material concerns, or social and religious groups. Radicalism, he argues, was part of everyday social life, the daily concerns of which affected its practice—though usually not its programs. Radicalism was also characterized by cultural diversity, although actual forms of organization and action usually depended strongly on the political context and strategic choices. The book also offers reinterpretations of specific developments and actions in both countries.