Chapter 5: Public space, memory and protest during post-socialist transformation: the emergence of Pia?a Universit??ii (University Square), Bucharest, as a space of protest -- Introduction -- The origins of Pia?a Universit??ii and the square in the communist period -- Pia?a Universit??ii as a space of protest and remembrance after 1989 -- Pia?a Universit??ii and protest beyond the revolution and Mineriad? -- Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 6: Social characteristics of squares as urban spaces: Ulus and K?z?lay squares in Ankara -- Introduction -- Ankara, capital city of the republic -- Atatürk Boulevard -- Ulus Square -- K?z?lay Square -- Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 7: Order and heterotopia in an urban space: the case of a Spanish square -- The importance of urban space for the social life -- A square between stigma and heterotopia -- Order and disorder in the square -- Conclusions -- Note -- References -- Chapter 8: Contested public spaces and the right to the city: the case of Cairo's historic bazaar -- Introduction -- Conservation, gentrification and the right to the city -- The historic city, context and urban problems -- Critique of conservation and rehabilitation plans within historic Cairo -- Analysis of the gentrification proposals of historic Cairo (al-Azharand al-Muizz streets) -- Pedestrianisation of al-Muizz Street: a pilot project -- Pedestrianisation proposals for al-Azhar Street and the bazaar area -- The historic bazaar in the post-2011 era -- Reimagining the future of Cairo's historic district -- Future prospects of an ongoing gentrification strategy -- Acknowledgement -- References -- PART 3: Management and governance: transformation and control -- Chapter 9: The meaning of public space in the context of space-time behaviour in the 'network city': from socialist to sociable public space -- Introduction