Budgeting is a key aspect of governmental behaviour. Research on budgeting has taken various theoretical and methodological approaches, and these differences have prevented scholars from discussing their common topic. In this collection, we have gathered a group of prominent scholars to explore the intermingling of budgets and politics from an assortment of theoretical and methodological perspectives. It highlights not only the breadth of current research but also the range of what remains underexplored. This book was originally published as a special issue of the Journal of European Public Policy.