This book covers the physics of semiconductor materials, basic concepts of quantum mechanics and nanoelectronics, band theory of solids, and transport phenomena in semiconductors, along with the physics of low-dimensional quantum nanostructures, heterojunctions, and superlattices. It supplies a solid foundation for understanding the principles of operation and application of different types of microelectronic, optoelectronic, and quantum-effect devices based on semiconductor materials and nanostructures. Complete with exercises, the text is intended for junior- and senior-level undergraduate students of electrical and electronics engineering, physics, and materials science.