This book is a detailed presentation of the cooperative research activity undertaken by 20 European teams to contribute to the development of Particle Image Velocimetry. This research was performed over a period of two years, in the frame of a European Brite-Euram contract and was greatly enhanced by its cooperative aspect. The book presents extensive comparisons of both recording and analysis of PIV images. A database has been built, which is presented in detail and which is accessible via Internet. Industrial application in a large wind tunnel, validation of up-to-date numerical predictions and new developments including extension to 3C are also addressed in the different chapters of this book. In addition, 25 individual contributions are provided in the form of scientific papers which cover various aspects of the development of the method (PTV, video recording, stereo-PIV, holo-PIV). This book will be of interest to scientists and engineers active in the field.