The early detection of human cancer is still one of the great challenges in the battle against this disease. Single biomarkers are not likely to provide sufficient diagnostic power and multibiomarker assays should be developed in order to reach high diagnostic accuracy for cancer screening at the population level. Omics technologies are emerging new biomarker discovery tools and have a high potential to yield panels of novel and cancer-specific biomarkers. This book provides an overview of recent studies aimed at the discovery of new cancer biomarkers through omics-based approaches, including genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, metabonomics, peptidomics, phosphoproteomics, immunomics, glycoproteomics, lipidomics, bioinformatics and integrative omics technologies. The book serves as an introduction to researchers in the field and provides the platforms to facilitate the development of new approaches in cancer research.