Cover -- Title -- Copyright -- Contents -- Meet the Authors -- Foreword -- 1 The Standards: A Vehicle to Actively Engage Young Learners -- Introduction -- Our Purpose -- The Challenge -- Creating and Maintaining a Vibrant Learning Environment -- Content and Process: The Two Sets of Standards -- Connecting Content Learning with the Learning Process Standards -- The Language of Teaching -- The Role of Motivation -- Turning the Standards into a Useful Tool -- Overview of the Chapters that Follow -- References -- 2 Key Learning Process Standards and How We Teach -- A Brief Look at Curriculum Designs -- The Challenge to Us: Adapting Teaching Strategies -- Unpacking the Learning Process Standards -- Analysis and Interpretation of Chart 2.1 -- The Verbs that Drive Learning Processes -- Chapter Summary -- References -- 3 Nurturing Learning Using Cognitive Processing Verbs in Authentic Interactions -- Considering the Stages of Learning -- In Summary -- Tools Designed to Help Children Move Through the Stages of Learning -- Thinking About Teacher Language to Guide Interactions -- Reframing Questions: The Challenge -- Using Cognitive Processing Verbs at Different Levels of Learning -- Chapter Summary -- References -- 4 Assessment Procedures: Function and Use -- The Importance of Context in Formative Assessment -- Obtaining Formative Assessment Information -- Sources for Collecting Assessment Information on the Learning Processes -- Categories of Activities for Collecting Assessment Information -- Children's Spontaneous Testing of Their Own Knowledge: A Teacher's Tale -- Using Learning Progressions as a Guide to Planning -- Progressions in Mathematics -- Involving the Children as Participants in Mathematics Assessments -- Progressions in Literacy -- Involving the Children as Participants in Literacy Assessment -- Progressions in Science Standards