This book considers multinational systemic crime - crimes by various kinds of organizations that operate across national boundaries and in two or more countries simultaneously. This concept refers to a variety of criminal behaviour systems including, but not limited to, the four crimes examined in this volume: terrorism, espionage, drug and arms trafficking. These offences carry strong connotations of evil, and yet outrage quickly becomes justification when, for example, espionage is carried out in the name of national security.

The authors examine these issues from the perspective of interactions and social and cultural conflict theories. In the absence of a global criminal justice system, this book studies the criminal or