In 1936 the Mongolian socialist government decreed the establishment of a film industry with the principal aim of disseminating propaganda. It sent young rural Mongolian musicians to Soviet conservatoires to be trained formally as composers. On their return they utilized their traditional Mongolian musical backgrounds and the musical skills learned during their studies to compose scores to the 167 propaganda films produced between 1938 and 1990. Lucy Rees provides an overview of the rich mosaic of music genres that appeared in these soundtracks. Case studies of composers and film scores are presented, demonstrating the influence of cultural policy on film music and showing how film scores complemented the ideological message of the films.