Microscopic Dynamics of Plasmas and Chaos discusses the resonant wave-particle interaction in plasmas, provides the tools for chaotic Hamiltonian dynamics, and describes a turbulent macroscopic system through the chaotic classical mechanics of the corresponding N-body problem. The book begins with the fundamentals of N-body dynamics, followed by a statistical description of wave-particle interactions. It then builds up knowledge by examining advanced material that includes Hamiltonian chaos, chaotic diffusion, self-consistent dynamics in the diffusive regime, as well as temporal evolution of a single-wave particle system. The authors describe the subject matter in a systematic and lucid way, supported by detailed simulations.