Realizing that water, energy and food are the three pillars to sustain the growth of human population in the future, this book deals with all the above aspects with particular emphasis on water and energy. In particular, the book addresses applications of membrane science and technology for water and wastewater treatment, energy and environment. The readers are also offered a glimpse into the rapidly growing R & D activities in the ASEAN and the Middle East regions that are emerging as the next generation R & D centers of membrane technologies, especially owing to their need of technology for water and wastewater treatment. Hence, this book will be useful not only for the engineers, scientists, professors and graduate students who are engaged in the R & D activities in this field, but also for those who are interested in the sustainable development of these geographical regions. Thus, it is believed that the book will open up new avenues for the establishment of global collaborations to achieve our common goal of welfare of the human society.