7.2.1.1.1 Chemistry and Manufacture -- 7.2.1.1.2 Applications and Performance Characteristics -- 7.2.1.2 Sulfurized Esters and Sulfurized Oils -- 7.2.1.2.1 Chemistry and Manufacture -- 7.2.1.2.2 Properties, Performance Characteristics, and Applications -- 7.2.1.3 Other Sulfur Additives -- 7.2.2 Phosphorus Additives -- 7.2.2.1 Phosphate Esters -- 7.2.2.1.1 Chemistry and Manufacture -- 7.2.2.1.2 Physical and Chemical Properties -- 7.2.2.2 Phosphites -- 7.2.2.2.1 Chemistry and Manufacture -- 7.2.2.2.2 Chemical and Physical Properties -- 7.2.2.2.3 Applications and Performance Characteristics -- 7.2.2.3 Dialkyl Alkyl Phosphonates -- 7.2.2.4 Acid Phosphates -- 7.2.2.4.1 Chemistry and Manufacture -- 7.2.2.4.2 Properties, Performance Characteristics, and Applications -- 7.2.3 Sulfur-Phosphorus Additives -- 7.2.3.1 Ashless Dithiophosphates -- 7.2.3.1.1 Chemistry and Manufacture -- 7.2.3.1.2 Applications and Performance Characteristics -- 7.2.3.2 Ashless Phosphorothioates and Thiophosphates -- 7.2.3.2.1 Chemistry and Manufacture -- 7.2.3.2.2 Applications and Performance Characteristics -- 7.2.4 Sulfur-Nitrogen Additives -- 7.2.4.1 Dithiocarbamates -- 7.2.4.1.1 Chemistry and Manufacture -- 7.2.4.1.2 Applications and Performance Characteristics -- 7.2.4.2 Dimercaptothiadiazole and Mercaptobenzothiazole Additives -- 7.2.4.2.1 Chemistry and Manufacture -- 7.2.4.2.2 Applications and Performance Characteristics -- 7.2.4.3 Other Sulfur-Nitrogen Additives -- 7.2.5 Phosphorus-Nitrogen Additives -- 7.2.5.1 Amine Phosphates -- 7.2.5.1.1 Chemistry and Manufacture -- 7.2.5.1.2 Applications and Performance Characteristics -- 7.2.5.2 Amine Thiophosphates and Dithiophosphates -- 7.2.5.2.1 Chemistry and Manufacture -- 7.2.5.2.2 Applications and Performance Characteristics -- 7.2.5.3 Other Phosphorus-Nitrogen Additives -- 7.2.6 Nitrogen Additives