English as a Foreign Language Versus Having It as the Language of Instruction -- Living and Working in Africa -- Literacy In Whose Language and Whose Script? -- Taking the Experiences of Africans Into Account -- Questions for Discussion -- Author Profile -- Note -- References -- Chapter 11: Naturalizing a Planned Language: Esperanto and the Promotion of Linguistic Diversity -- Introduction -- The Beginning -- An Alternative World -- Naturalization -- A New Politics -- Conclusion -- Questions for Discussion -- Author Profile -- References -- PART IV: Language Death and Birth -- Introduction -- References -- Chapter 12: Keeping the Language Ark Afloat in New York City -- Introduction -- A Globalized City before Globalization -- The Philippines: A Multilingual Eden? -- New York City and the Endangered Language Alliance -- Prospects for an Urban Multilingual Future -- Conclusion -- Questions for Discussion -- Author Profile -- Note -- References -- Chapter 13: An Alaskan Language Odyssey: A Reflection by a Poet -- Introduction -- Poet as Language Activist: Networks of Solidarity -- Approach to Alaska: The Preparation -- "We Should All Greet Each Other in Iñupiaq!": The Poetry Workshop -- "I Saw Him"--A Discussion Among Elders -- An Alaskan Language Odyssey -- Conclusion -- Questions for Discussion -- Author Profiles -- Acknowledgments -- Notes -- References -- Chapter 14: In Search of Linguistic Legitimacy: Western Armenian and the New Speaker -- Introduction -- Estrangement from Western Armenian -- Emergence of the New Speaker -- The Legitimate Language of Pierre Bourdieu -- Linguistic Legitimacy in Western Armenian -- Conclusion -- Questions for Discussion -- Author Profile -- Notes -- References -- PART V: Epilogue -- Ode to My Mother Tongue -- Author Profile -- Notes -- Some Dimensions of English and Globalization: An Africanist Afterword