This book reviews recent results on ion synthesis by low energy implantation and optical properties of silver nanoparticles in various dielectrics, as well as the interaction of high power laser pulses with such composite materials. One of features of composites prepared by the low energy ion implantation is the growth of metal particles with a wide size distribution in the thin depth from the irradiated substrate surface, which leads to specific optical properties of implanted materials. Also presented herein is new experimental data on non-linear optical properties of synthesised silver nanoparticles.