6.7.3.2 Entropy Mode -- 6.7.3.3 Virtual Channel Mode -- 6.7.3.4 Table Driven Format -- 6.8 MIL-STD-1553 PACKETS -- 6.8.1 Inter-Range Instrumentation Group 106 Modifi-cations -- 6.9 CCSDS PACKETS -- 6.10 DATA NETWORKING PACKETS -- 6.10.1 Background -- 6.10.2 Packet Formats -- 6.10.3 Data Servers -- 6.10.4 Data Throughput Issues -- 6.10.5 Inter-Range Instrumentation Group 106 Packet En-capsulation -- 6.10.6 Telemetry Data Streaming -- 6.11 COMMAND PROCESSOR INTERFACE -- 6.12 DATA WAVEFORM FORMATTING FOR TRANSMISSION -- 6.12.1 General Structure -- 6.12.2 Data Randomizers -- 6.12.3 Data Format Specification -- 6.12.4 Data Format Generation -- 6.12.5 Inter-Range Instrumentation Group Differen-tial Encoding -- 6.12.6 Usage Characteristics -- 6.13 REFERENCES -- 6.14 PROBLEMS -- Chapter 7 DATA SYNCHRONIZATION -- 7.1 INTRODUCTION -- 7.2 OBJECTIVES -- 7.3 SYNCHRONIZATION PROCESS -- 7.4 CARRIER SYNCHRONIZATION -- 7.5 BIT SYNCHRONIZATION -- 7.5.1 General Functions -- 7.5.2 Data Clock Extraction -- 7.5.2.1 Open-Loop Clock Extractors -- 7.5.2.2 Closed-Loop Clock Extractors -- 7.5.3 Data Formats -- 7.5.4 Derandomizer -- 7.6 PROTOCOL DATA UNIT SYNCHRONIZATION -- 7.6.1 Telemetry Frame Synchronization -- 7.6.1.1 Search State -- 7.6.1.2 Check State -- 7.6.1.3 Lock State -- 7.6.2 Packet Synchronization -- 7.6.3 Network Synchronization -- 7.6.4 Statistical Measures -- 7.6.4.1 False Lock Probability -- 7.6.4.2 Missed Synchronization Probability -- 7.7 CHANNEL ERROR DETECTION -- 7.7.1 Probability of Error -- 7.7.2 Post-Processing Error Correction -- 7.7.3 Error Detection and Correcting Codes -- 7.7.3.1 Error Detection Codes -- 7.7.3.2 Block Error Correction Codes -- 7.7.3.3 Convolutional Codes -- 7.7.3.4 Concatenated Codes -- 7.7.4 Channel Improvement -- 7.7.5 Coding Gain -- 7.8 DATA SEQUENCING -- 7.9 REFERENCES -- 7.10 PROBLEMS -- Chapter 8 TIME AND POSITION DETERMINATION