The book aims to critically analyze the possible legal mechanisms and processes, which could be used by indigenous peoples in the protection and management of their cultural and intellectual property. The book studies the historic and legal context in which the debate on the rights of indigenous peoples has developed. It analyses mechanisms such as the Convention on Biological Diversity and the Agreement on Trade Related Aspects of Intellectual Property (TRIPS). The book ends with a discussion on the possible courses of action, which indigenous peoples could take in order to improve the levels of protection and management available to them regarding their cultural and intellectual rights.