What motivates white racism? What effects does racism have on white Americans? The Second Edition of this provocative book reveals that racism remains a pervasive force in American society and that its effects on whites are still misunderstood.Combining the contributions of sociologists, historians and economists, this new edition contains updated chapters which take account of the developments in American society over the past 15 years. The editors expand on the recommendations they presented in the First Edition, demonstrating clearly the progress made and, more significantly, what remains to be achieved.