This Handbook establishes a new benchmark for understanding anthropological field methods of the past 100 years. Avoiding the divisive debates over science and humanism, the authors contributing to this volume draw upon both traditions to define and describe fieldwork in practice. Authored by 27 leading anthropologists, these chapters provide the reader with comprehensive, contemporary descriptions of the methods that anthropologists use, the logic behind their use, and of the complex problems involved in conducting research on people in their natural setting. This is an essential reference tool for all scholars, professionals, and advanced students in anthropology and in other disciplines using fieldwork.