Between 1989 and 2004, the EU's conditionality for membership transformed Central and East Europe. This book demonstrates how that transformation worked in practice. The EU was able to use its massive bargaining power coercively at certain key points in the membership preparations. However, its primary method was soft power, through 'Europeanizing' the candidates into its norms and methods. This book explores in detail how the EU used its influence to control the movement of people, through both conditionality and Europeanization.