This book endeavors to provide a balanced analytical treatment of ethnic nationalists, state leaders, and foreign intervenors in China's frontier politics, explaining systematically the circumstances of their entanglements, and traces in detail the underlying and lasting causes and effects of their association--from the closing years of the last Chinese imperial dynasty in the late nineteenth century to the present day. Structured chronologically, the book offers in-depth analysis, comprehensively covering more than a hundred years of ethnic separatism, governance, and interventionism in the modern political history of China, using Tibetan, Uyghur, and Inner Mongolian case studies with a theoretical framework of internal colonialism/state integration. Competing Nationalisms in China's Borderlands is essential reading for students and instructors of undergraduate and graduate courses on China and acquisition for university and public libraries, and is also recommended for everyone else interested in China's ethnic politics and its international dimensions.