Originally published in 1978, this volume provides a selection of Michael Crowder's wrtings on the impact of colonial rule in West Africa and African reaction to it from the conquest to independence. Key themes include the impact of European culture on African culture; the resistance of Africans to European conquest; African reaction to colonial rule; the differences between French and British administrative, social and economic politices and the consequences of these differences for those subjected to them; the extent to which Africans accepted the new socio-political strucrrues imposed on them and the point at which they began to take control over them; and finally the importance or otherwise of the colonial period in African history as a whole.