Cover -- Title -- Copyright -- Contents -- Abbreviations -- Part I What is Catalan? -- Chapter 1 Catalan-speaking areas -- Chapter 2 Catalan among the other Romance languages -- Chapter 3 Catalan in the twenty-first century -- Chapter 4 Main dialects -- Chapter 5 Pronunciation and spelling -- 5.1 Vowels -- 5.2 Reading and pronouncing consonants -- Part II Words, word groups, and word formation -- Chapter 6 Word classes -- 6.1 Nouns -- 6.2 Adjectives -- 6.3 Articles -- 6.4 Personal (stressed) pronouns -- 6.5 Possessives and demonstratives -- 6.6 Quantifiers -- Chapter 7 Verb phrases -- 7.1 Verbs -- 7.2 Adverbs -- 7.3 Unstressed pronouns -- Chapter 8 Prepositions -- 8.1 Unstressed (atonic) prepositions -- 8.2 Simple and compound stressed (tonic) prepositions -- Chapter 9 Derivation: Creating words from other words -- 9.1 Qualifying affixes -- 9.2 Category changing affixes -- Chapter 10 Compounds -- 10.1 Verb + noun -- 10.2 Noun + noun -- 10.3 Noun (or pronoun) + verb -- 10.4 Noun + adjective / adjective + noun -- Part III Clauses and sentences -- Chapter 11 Word order -- 11.1 The basics -- 11.2 Word order in specific contexts -- Chapter 12 Relating elements -- 12.1 Coordination -- 12.2 Subordinate clauses -- Part IV Doing things and real language -- Chapter 13 Intention -- 13.1 Affirmation -- 13.2 Negation -- 13.3 Questions -- 13.4 Exclamation -- 13.5 Giving orders -- Chapter 14 Focusing -- 14.1 Passive -- 14.2 Impersonal sentences and pronominal passive -- 14.3 Cleft sentences -- Chapter 15 Defining -- 15.1 The article -- 15.2 Copulative sentences: Linking subjects and predicates -- Chapter 16 Comparing -- 16.1 Comparing single elements -- 16.2 Clauses -- Chapter 17 Treatments -- 17.1 Degrees of politeness -- 17.2 Grammatical relations of polite pronouns -- 17.3 Honorifics -- 17.4 Titles before surnames -- Chapter 18 Emphasizers