This unique synthesis of chapters from top experts in their fields targets the essential area of cancer biomarkers and the need for better and more rigorous design and clinical trials. The contributors cover several aspects of cancer molecular markers from innovation and screening to their controversies and future directions. The book is an ideal reference for PhD and MD students, researchers, biologists, medical doctors, and professionals who are interested in mechanistic studies on cancer diagnosis and translational benefits from personalized cancer treatment using the new era of biomarkers.