5.4.3 Information hiding -- 5.4.4 Inline -- 5.5 A complete example -- 5.6 Summary -- 6 Unit Testing -- 6.1 A testing framework for C++ -- 6.2 Macros -- 6.3 The macros in testing.h -- 6.3.1 The ASSERT macro -- 6.3.2 The ASSERT_APPROX_EQUAL macro -- 6.3.3 The INFO macro -- 6.3.4 The DEBUG_PRINT macro -- 6.3.5 The TEST macro -- 6.4 Using testing.h -- 6.5 What have we gained? -- 6.6 Testing normcdf -- 6.7 Summary -- 7 Using C++ Classes -- 7.1 Vectors -- 7.2 Pass by reference and const -- 7.2.1 Pass by reference -- 7.2.2 The const keyword -- 7.2.3 Pass by reference without const -- 7.3 Using ofstream -- 7.4 Working with string -- 7.5 Building strings efficiently -- 7.6 Writing a pie chart -- 7.6.1 A web-based chart -- 7.6.2 Create a header file -- 7.6.3 Write a source file -- 7.6.4 Enable testing in your files -- 7.6.5 Write functions to generate the boiler plate -- 7.6.6 Write a simple version of the chart data -- 7.6.7 Write a test of what we've done so far -- 7.6.8 Write the interesting code -- 7.6.9 Testing the interesting code -- 7.6.10 Wrap it all up into a single function -- 7.7 The architecture of the World Wide Web -- 7.8 Summary -- 8 User-Defined Types -- 8.1 Terminology -- 8.2 Writing your own class -- 8.2.1 Writing the declaration -- 8.2.2 Using a class -- 8.2.3 Passing objects between functions -- 8.2.4 How have classes helped? -- 8.3 Adding functions to classes -- 8.3.1 Using const on member functions -- 8.4 A financial example -- 8.4.1 What have we gained? -- 8.5 Recommendations on writing classes -- 8.6 Encapsulation -- 8.6.1 Implementing PieChart -- 8.6.2 Using PieChart -- 8.7 Constructors -- 8.7.1 Writing a default constructor -- 8.7.2 An alternative, and superior syntax -- 8.8 Constructors with parameters -- 8.9 Summary -- 9 Monte Carlo Pricing in C++ -- 9.1 A function to simulate stock prices -- 9.2 Writing a Monte Carlo pricer