Breastfeeding is a globally recognized imperative for the preservation of infant health, and governments around the world have introduced breastfeeding promotion measures. While initiation rates have improved, duration rates at a few weeks or months after birth still lag behind the World Health Organization's recommendation that breastfeeding - for all children, in both developed and developing worlds - should continue for at least two years. Behind the figures, there is however an inverse reality. Today, increasing numbers of women in the industrialized world challenge social convention and breastfeed their children well beyond WHO guidelines. How widespread is this surprising - many would say shocking - phenomenon? Is it Nature's way or is it an unhealthy practice? Do mothers prolong breastfeeding for their own pleasure? Is it - as some say - a form of sexual abuse? Are women being overly controlling, coercing children into continuing because they wish their children to remain dependent, or are they meeting an innate child need? Does long-term breastfeeding impact negatively on child physical and emotional health, or does it have a positive effect? Do mothers pay a price? How does the practice affect the family and the adult couple's relationship? Are breasts intended for infant feeding or for sexual pleasure? How and when did early weaning become established practice in the Western world? Is sustained breastfeeding a reversion to a pre-feminist state, or is it a truly feminist issue? Drawing on child development theories, neuroscience research, archaeological findings, and anthropological opinion, this book explores the myths and reality surrounding this taboo practice in order to answer these and many other questions. In extracts from questionnaires, the reader will hear directly from mothers, fathers, and the children themselves. Thought-provoking and challenging, this well-researched yet thoroughly accessible book will appeal to all concerned with infant feeding and child health, as well as those with an interest in prehistory and the origins of Western culture.