Drawing on the case-studies from the industrialization of East and Southeast Asian nations, this book critically examines the structural adjustment policies used in Africa in the last decade. The volume begins to construct an alternative model of economic reform for Africa based on transforming not retracting the state institutions and policies needed to promote industrialization. The Asian country studies include Singapore, Malaysia, Taiwan, South Korea, Hong Kong, and Meiji Japan. Policy alternatives to adjustment are proposed in areas such as infrastructure, social overhead capital, agriculture, trade, foreign investment, credit and finance and the organization of industry.