This book examines production efficiency and economic benefits of agricultural production systems, comparing both organic and conventional systems. Diseases and pest outbreaks are looked into with a view of recommending the appropriate methods of control. Definition of land and its uses are discussed. Factors affecting soil formation and methods of replenishing lost nutrients are enumerated in an attempt to educate students and farmers on the modern techniques of retaining soil nutrients without environmental destruction. Experiments conducted on soil to investigate the effects and factors affecting nutrients mineralization have been described. Descriptions of forest trees have been given to explain their roles in economic expansion. Methods of planting, rules and regulations implemented by communities, states and countries are also discussed. This book critically reviews the effects of agricultural chemicals on soil organisms and other agricultural practices.