In Imperial Germany (1871-1918), most Socialists felt that the antisemites had a point but took matters too far. In fact, Social Democratic objections to the antisemitic movement often did not hinge on its anti-Jewish orientation at all. Even when they did, the Socialists' arguments generally acknowledged widespread anti-Jewish stereotypes rather than questioning them. By focusing on the many notions that antisemites and anti-antisemites in fact shared, and by introducing a range of new sources, this book presents a radical reinterpretation of the Socialist response to antisemitism in Imperial Germany.