This study is based on a conference held by the Scottish Archaeological Forum to discuss and assess new discoveries and reinterpretations of material relating to the island archaeology of western Europe, particularly the Scottish islands. With an introductory chapter by Andrew Fleming on Iconic and Mythic islands, this account look at different aspects of the subject, in particular Shetland, North and South Uist, and Lewis, as well as more general studies of Late Bronze Age metalworking in the Scottish Islands and the economics of an Iron Age infrastructure in the Northern Isles.