In this book Hayward Alker presents his principal methodological "rediscoveries" of the past twenty years. He provides a rich set of "humanistic" alternatives to the conventional scientific approaches within international studies, and social science more generally. He offers a reinterpretation of premodern, modern, and postmodern thinkers from Aristotle to Connolly, and argues that the humanistic and scientific modes of inquiry can be integrated into a rigorous, philosophically rationalized methodology for international studies.