This book includes information about the modern experimental and theoretical analysis methods of particulate-filled nanocomposites structure, fibre reinforced antibacterial laminated nanostructured material for filtration of toxic particles, prediction of nanofibre diameter for optimisation of laminated nanostructured material for filtration of toxic particles, intensification desalting of the gas distillate in turbulent flows, theoretical analysis of macromolecular coil connectivity degree influence on autohesion strength, carbon nanotubes geometry and reinforcement degree of polymer nanocomposites, the structure of butadiene-nitrile rubbers: paramagnetic-probe study, the temperature dependence of autohesional bolding strength for miscible polymer pairs, nanostructured energy characteristics of hydrocarbon hydrogen containing fuels.