This book unpacks the philosophies and theories behind assessment and builds upon that foundation with practical, how-to guidance for effective practice. Renowned assessment experts Levy and Jankowski thoughtfully explore assessment across both academic and student affairs, highlighting equitable strategies throughout to demonstrate the transformative potential of assessment to enhance student learning outcomes, support institutional decision-making, and ensure continuous quality improvement in higher education. With insights drawn from extensive research and work with over 300 institutions, this text prepares graduate students and practitioners to make informed choices around assessment.