In 1899, the U.S.'s Hay Doctrine, more commonly referred to as the Open Door Policy, required that China's trading ports remain open to all countries on an equal basis. Originally published in 1924, in the wake of World War I, this book looks at the variety of different policies between Western and Asian countries throughout the 19th and early 20th century and shows how the powerful influences of European imperialism and American political doctrine disrupted Asia's development. This title is ideal for students interested in Asian Studies, Post-Colonial Studies and Politics.