In order to place criticism into the discussion of children's literature, the author explores the writings of professors who have laid the groundwork in critical theory for all literature, explaining what literary criticism is, how it works, and why it is an important part of studying any literature. She introduces the prominent schools of literary criticism and shows how her students in children's literature classes, and teachers in the field, have become critics in their own right. The book contains brief introductions to some classroom practices which evolved from teachers reading critical theory, helping to create role models for others who wish to develop a program of critical theory in the elementary schools. The author includes extensive discussions of issues such as canon formation, realism in literature, and response theory, striving to introduce her readers to criticism to suggest its role in shaping all readers' responses to children's stories. She also encourages them to first be real readers who enjoy listening to the author's story before turning to someone else's theories about literature and searching for critical answers that fit their personal responses. A glossary of literary terms for new readers of criticism is included as well as an extensive bibliography for further reading on the topics discussed.